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Science Based 17

By

Winston Peki

The Best CBD Oils in 2023 (Reviewed and Compared)

Affiliate disclosure

Best CBD Oil

Today you’re getting a list of the best CBD oils that you can currently buy.

We reviewed over 50 samples by rating them on metrics like:

  • Potency. Based on our tests. Plus, cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles as found in the third-party lab-test reports;
  • Transparency of the brand. Specifically, the publication of third-party lab-test reports, hemp cultivation, and extraction processes;
  • The amount of CBD and minor cannabinoids and terpenes you get per dollar;
  • Customer service and customer ratings, and;
  • Less important metrics like the taste of the product.

The average price stats of our reviewed oils and tinctures:

  • Average CBD per one dollar: 14.57mg;
  • Average minor cannabinoids and terpenes per one dollar: 3.1mg.

An average dose of CBD oil hovers between 30 and 60mg. Therefore an average dose of CBD with oils and tinctures will cost you between $2 and $4 per day (on average).

Keep reading!

Comparison of the Best CBD Oils

Product
Receptra Naturals
Receptra Naturals Serious Relief Tincture 66mg/Dose
NuLeaf Naturals
NuLeaf Naturals Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil 900mg (60mg/mL)
R+R Medicinals
R+R Medicinals 2500mg Full Spectrum Tincture
Charlotte’s Web
Charlotte's Web Original Formula CBD Oil (50mg/mL)
CBDfx
CBDfx Calming Tincture 1000mg
Joy Organics
Joy Organics Organic CBD Broad Spectrum (0.0% THC) Oil Tincture 45mg/Serving
Populum
Populum Full-Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdMD
cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture 1500mg
Flowerside
Flowerside Full Spectrum CBD Olie 500mg
Provocan
Provocan 2400mg CBD Oil
CBDfx
CBDfx OG Kush CBD Terpene Vape Liquid
LolaHemp
LolaHemp Extra Strength CBD Oil (+CBG) for Pets
Ranking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ratings 4.77/5

Best Full-Spectrum
4.47/5

Best Customer-Rated
4.7/5

Best Value Full-Spectrum
4.65/5

2nd Best Full-Spectrum
3.67/5

Best CBN-Rich
4.47/5

Best THC-Free
3.68/5

Best Taste
3.71/5

Good Value THC-Free
4.7/5

Best in Europe
4.12/5

Best in UK
3.77/5

Best Vape
3.86/5

Best for Dogs
CBD/$ 15.5mg 11.36mg 25.7mg 14.7mg 14.28mg 15.88mg 6.98mg 15mg 14mg 20mg 14.28mg 13.33mg
Minor cannabinoids + terpenes/$ 2.5mg 1.5mg 3mg 3mg 2.5mg 2mg 1.5mg 0.5mg 14mg 1.5mg 129.5mg 7.5mg
Cannabinoid-profileThe number of different cannabinoids present, and in what concentrations.:                                                                        
Terpene-profileThe number of different terpenes present, and in what concentrations:                                                                        
TransparencyBacked by 3rd-party lab-test reports? Transparent about where hemp is sourced?:                                                                        
ValueHow many CBD + minor cannabinoids and terpenes you get per dollar:                                                                        
Full-spectrum ratio 0.16 0.13 0.11 0.19 0.16 0.13 0.22 0.03 0.99 0.08 9.08 0.58
Read Review Receptra Naturals NuLeaf Naturals R+R Medicinals Charlotte’s Web CBDfx Joy Organics Populum cbdMD Flowerside Provocan CBDfx LolaHemp
First, you have to understand the science behind our review process.

According to The Latest Scientific Evidence …

  • CBD products can be contaminated. Common contaminations are heavy metals, pesticides, and dangerous synthetic cannabinoids (1-4).
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    1. Rianprakaisang, T., Gerona, R., & Hendrickson, R. G. (2019). Commercial cannabidiol oil contaminated with the synthetic cannabinoid AB-FUBINACA given to a pediatric patient. Clinical Toxicology, 58(3), 215–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1619758
    2. Warning for consumers of CBD and cannabis oils sold on the EU market – ICCI. (2018, February 16). Retrieved from https://www.icci.science/en/article/news/warning-for-consumers-of-cbd-and-cannabis-oils-sold-on-the-eu-market/
    3. Thompson, G. R., Tuscano, J. M., Dennis, M., Singapuri, A., Libertini, S., Gaudino, R., … Engelthaler, D. M. (2017). A microbiome assessment of medical marijuana. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23(4), 269–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.001
    4. Busse, F., Omidi, L., Leichtle, A., Windgassen, M., Kluge, E., & Stumvoll, M. (2008). Lead Poisoning Due to Adulterated Marijuana. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(15), 1641–1642. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc0707784
  • CBD can be up to 4-times more potent when consumed with other cannabinoids and terpenes (5);
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 5. Pamplona, F. A., da Silva, L. R., & Coan, A. C. (2018). Potential Clinical Benefits of CBD-Rich Cannabis Extracts Over Purified CBD in Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy: Observational Data Meta-analysis. Frontiers in Neurology, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00759
  • CBD produces fewer side effects when taken as part of full-spectrum hemp-extract
    (5);
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 5. Pamplona, F. A., da Silva, L. R., & Coan, A. C. (2018). Potential Clinical Benefits of CBD-Rich Cannabis Extracts Over Purified CBD in Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy: Observational Data Meta-analysis. Frontiers in Neurology, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00759
  • Besides making CBD more potent, other cannabinoids and terpenes have unique beneficial effects (6);
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 6. Baron, E. P. (2018). Medicinal Properties of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids in Cannabis, and Benefits in Migraine, Headache, and Pain: An Update on Current Evidence and Cannabis Science. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 58(7), 1139–1186. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13345
  • CBD is better absorbed when taken with fats like olive oil (7);
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 7. Zgair, A., Lee, J. B., Wong, J. C. M., Taha, D. A., Aram, J., Di Virgilio, D., … Gershkovich, P. (2017). Oral administration of cannabis with lipids leads to high levels of cannabinoids in the intestinal lymphatic system and prominent immunomodulation. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15026-z

Based on our review and these scientific discoveries, here’s our list of best quality CBD oils:

  • #1 Receptra Naturals (Best Full Spectrum Oil)
  • #2 NuLeaf Naturals (Best Customer-Rated)
  • #3 R+R Medicinals (Best Value Full-Spectrum Oil)
  • #4 Charlotte’s Web (2nd Best Full-Spectrum Oil)
  • #5 CBDfx (Best CBN-Rich Oil)
  • #6 Joy Organics (Best THC-Free, Broad-Spectrum Oil)
  • #7 Populum (Best Taste)
  • #8 cbdMD (Good Value THC-Free, Broad-Spectrum Oil)
  • #9 Flowerside (Best in EU)
  • #10 Provacan (Best in UK)
  • #11 CBDfx (Best CBD Vape Oil)
  • #12 LolaHemp (Best for Dogs)

#1. Receptra Naturals Serious Relief Tincture (Best Full-Spectrum Oil)

Receptra Naturals Serious Relief Tincture 66mg/Dose

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 66mg/dropper or 6.5% |
  • THC: 0.27% |
  • CBD(%): 6.5 |
  • THC(%): 0.27 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.2 |
  • CBC(%): 0.4 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0.04 |
  • CBDV(%): 0 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.13 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBC(0.4%), CBG(0.2%), CBDA(0.04%) |
  • Terpenes: 0.13% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 15.5mg |
  • Price(unit): $128 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.77/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.65/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.16

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Best Tincture for Pain
  • ­ Made from organic Hemp from Colorado
  • ­ Great cannabinoid-profile
  • ­ Added turmeric
  • ­ Very potent
  • ­ Slightly low on terpenes compared to Receptra Naturals’ other formulations

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: “HERBONAUT” for 15% off

Receptra Naturals Website

Read full review

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 15.5mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 2.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

When talking about CBD products that come with many different cannabinoids and terpenes…

Literally, all Receptra Naturals’ products make it to the top of the list.

Compared to other options on the list, tinctures from Receptra Naturals contain:

  • A wider spectrum of both cannabinoids and terpenes, and;
  • Higher concentrations of most cannabinoids and terpenes.

As a full-spectrum CBD oil, any oil from Receptra Naturals is king. Their hemp extract has the same biochemical composition as the hemp flower it’s made from. It’s as close to nature as it gets.

The “Serious Relief” Tincture gets you at least 0.16mg of minor cannabinoids and terpenes for every 1mg of CBD.

This number is even higher with the other formulations: “Serious Rest” and “Seriously Relax”. The former gets you 0.38mg of other cannabinoids and terpenes for every 1mg of CBD. The latter gets you 0.55mg of other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes for every 1mg of CBD.

And with Receptra, you know that these minor cannabinoids and terpenes come from the same plant as the CBD.

Why does this matter?

A lot of brands bolster their CBD products with isolated cannabinoids and terpenes.

However:

The synergistic effects between:

  • CBD,
  • other cannabinoids,
  • terpenes, and,
  • flavonoids,

are most prevalent when they’re extracted from the same plant. Besides, the hemp plant contains hundreds of cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids.

While adding isolated cannabinoids or terpenes to a CBD product is better than keeping the product CBD-only…

Such a product can never rival a true full-plant extract in quality. A true full-plant extract like Receptra Naturals CBD oil contains hundreds of:

  • cannabinoids,
  • terpenes, and,
  • flavonoids.

Besides a high concentration of CBD, this tincture has high concentrations of:

  • other cannabinoids like THC, CBC, CBG, and;
  • terpenes like linalool, limonene, caryophyllene…

…all which come with unique beneficial effects.

But these are only the cannabinoids and terpenes that laboratories test for. Receptra Naturals uses cold-ethanol extraction. Cold-ethanol extraction is the most effective method for extracting hemp-compounds. It’s likely that this tincture contains hundreds of cannabinoids and terpenes.

Receptra Naturals tinctures are more effective than other tinctures, when comparing equal doses. How is this possible? When the tested cannabinoid- and terpene-profile is like other high-quality brands? It’s because their tinctures contain significantly more (untested) hemp compounds. Compounds that improve the effectiveness of CBD.

The best part?

Even when you take into account the sophisticated production processes such a quality tincture needs …

Receptra Naturals tinctures are highly affordable.

A single dollar will get you 15.5mg of CBD (average: 14.57mg), and 2.5mg of tested minor cannabinoids and terpenes (average: 3.1mg). The tested minor cannabinoids and terpenes are slightly lower than the average. But you have to keep in mind that these minor cannabinoids and terpenes come from the exact same plant as the CBD.

Plus, you have to keep in mind that laboratories only test for 12 different cannabinoids and 20 different terpenes.

As explained:

This tincture probably contains more cannabinoids and terpenes than shown on the lab-test report.

Even though this tincture has the best cannabinoid- and terpene-profile of all options on the list…

It’s still more affordable than the average product.

The level of transparency that comes from Receptra Naturals is also at the highest level.

Scanning the QR-code on the product, you can look up your Receptra Naturals tincture’s certificate of analysis.

With this report, you have third-party-verified proof that your product is completely clean from:

  • Heavy metals;
  • Pesticides, and;
  • Residual solvents.

This is the highest level of transparency you can expect from a CBD brand.

And you can try the product for 30 days without risking your money. Receptra Naturals products come with a 30-day satisfaction guarantee.

Click the button below to go to the Receptra Naturals website:

  • Receptra Naturals 15% off coupon code: Herbonaut

Buy Receptra Nat. Tincture

Full review Receptra Naturals Tinctures

Next up…

#2. NuLeaf Naturals Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil (Best Customer-Rated Oil)

NuLeaf Naturals Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil 900mg (60mg/mL)

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 60mg/dropper or 6.94% |
  • THC: 0.14% |
  • CBD(%): 6.94 |
  • THC(%): 0.14 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.18 |
  • CBC(%): 0.26 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.1 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.25 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBC(0.26%), CBG(0.18%), CBDV (0.1%) |
  • Terpenes: 0.25% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 11.36mg |
  • Price(unit): $79.2 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: No |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.47/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.44/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.13

Pros and Cons

  • ­ True full-spectrum product
  • ­ Made from organic Hemp grown in Colorado
  • ­ Best customer-rated CBD oil
  • ­ No satisfaction-guarantee

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: “HERBONAUT” for 20% off

NuLeaf Naturals Website

Read full review

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 11.36mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 1.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

NuLeaf Naturals is another US-, Colorado-based CBD products manufacturer.

They only sell full-spectrum hemp extracts.

With a full-spectrum-ratio of 0.13, for every 1mg of CBD, you get 0.13mg of other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes, including:

  • THC (0.14%);
  • CBG (0.18%);
  • CBC (0.26%), and;
  • Terpenes like beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene (0.25%).

While its cannabinoid-profile isn’t as good as the Receptra Naturals tinctures or Charlotte’s Web Original Formula…

It’s still better than almost all other CBD products that we’ve reviewed.

This oil is made from organically grown hemp and contains nothing but hemp. It’s the purest,  simplest, and most natural option on the list. Even the carrier oil, which is organic virgin hemp seed oil, is a hemp-based carrier oil.

Unless you buy their biggest bottle that contains 6000mg of CBD…

When we look at how much CBD and hemp-extract you get per dollar, this product is more expensive than the average.

When you get the 900mg bottle and use our coupon code, a single dollar gets you 11.36mg CBD and 1.5mg minor cannabinoids. The averages for all reviewed CBD oils/tinctures are:

  • 14.57mg CBD per dollar, and,
  • 3.1mg minor cannabinoids + terpenes per dollar.

You can see this is oil is a bit more expensive than the average.

When comparing prices, keep in mind that NuLeaf Naturals is a trustworthy and highly-rated brand.

Their oil has received over 20.000 customer reviews over the past 5 years with an average rating of 4.9/5 points. These reviews confirm that NuLeaf Naturals sells a great quality oil. But also offers great customer service.

Like all products on the list, it’s lab-tested for the most critical contaminants:

  • 200 different pesticides;
  • Heavy metals, and;
  • Mycotoxins.

If you get this oil you can rest assured that it’s a clean product that works.

Click the button below to go to the NuLeaf Naturals website:

  • NuLeaf Naturals 20% off coupon code: herbonaut

Buy NuLeaf Naturals Oil

Full review NuLeaf Naturals

Next up…

#3. R+R Medicinals Full Spectrum Tincture (Best Value Full-Spectrum Oil)

R+R Medicinals 2500mg Full Spectrum Tincture

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 83mg/dropper or 9.3% |
  • THC: 0.23% |
  • CBD(%): 9.3 |
  • THC(%): 0.23 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.15 |
  • CBC(%): 0.24 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.03 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.34 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBC(0.24%), CBG(0.15%) |
  • Terpenes: 0.34% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 25.7mg |
  • Price(unit): $97 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Low-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.7/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.6/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.11

Pros and Cons

  • ­ True full-spectrum product with many cannabinoids and terpenes
  • ­ Best value for money CBD oil
  • ­ Produced from organically cultivated Hemp in Colorado (USDA Organic certified)
  • ­ Relatively new brand (may have inconsistent cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles across batches)

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

R+R Medicinals Website

Read full review

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 25.7mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 3mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

True full-spectrum CBD products generally are expensive.

Here’s why:

The hemp plant that serves as the basis of a full-spectrum CBD product needs to have:

  • a wide variety of cannabinoids and terpenes, and;
  • high concentrations of all these different cannabinoids and terpenes.

On top of this, mostly the flower parts of the hemp plant have to be used in the extraction process.

This means that industrial hemp strains don’t make good candidates. They have inferior cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles. And you now know that true full-spectrum CBD products have amazing cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles.

This also means that:

  • stems,
  • stalks, and,
  • leaves,

should only form a small part of the hemp-mass that’s used for the extraction.

The flower parts contain more beneficial compounds than the stalks, stems, and leaves.

But this also means that a full-spectrum CBD product NEEDS to come from:

  • a pesticide-free hemp plant,
  • cultivated in contaminant-free soil.

Let me explain.

To keep all cannabinoids and terpenes inside a CBD product, you can’t filter it much.

Filtering leads to loss of cannabinoids and terpenes. And thus most heavily filtered CBD products can’t be ‘full-spectrum’.

The downside of this limited filtering process is:

You’re also limited with filtering out contaminants.

While heavily filtered CBD products can use any type of hemp as their source…

A high-quality and full-spectrum CBD product NEEDS to come from a clean source.

All these factors make full-spectrum CBD products the most expensive type of product.

Well, R+R Medicinals proves it’s possible to have full-spectrum CBD oil for a very modest price.

In fact:

This is not only the most affordable full-spectrum option on the list …

It’s the most affordable one in general, period.

If you get their strongest bottle of 2500mg, a single dollar gets you:

  • 25.7mg of CBD, and,
  • 3mg of minor cannabinoids and terpenes.

When it comes to CBD per one dollar, this is almost double the average in both cases.

Combine this superb price/quality ratio with the highest possible transparency level:

Full lab-test reports are available on their website for every batch of oil they produce…

And you’ll quickly understand why we rate this oil as the best value for money option on the list.

Click the button below to go to the R+R Medicinals website:

Buy R+R Meds Tincture

Full review R+R Medicinals Tincture

Next up …

#4. Charlotte’s Web Original Formula CBD Oil (2nd Best Full-Spectrum Oil)

Charlotte's Web Original Formula CBD Oil (50mg/mL)

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 50mg/dropper or 5.7% |
  • THC: 0.21% |
  • CBD(%): 5.7 |
  • THC(%): 0.21 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.23 |
  • CBC(%): 0.38 |
  • CBN(%): 0.01 |
  • CBDA(%): 0.01 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.03 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.2 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBC(0.38%), CBG(0.23%), CBN(0.01%), CBDA(0.01%), CBDV(0.03%) |
  • Terpenes: Unknown, but must be high (ethanol-extracted) |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 14.7mg |
  • Price(unit): $102 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.65/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.79/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.19

Pros and Cons

  • ­ One of the best full-spectrum products
  • ­ Charlotte’s Web controls the complete production process, including how the hemp plants are grown
  • ­ Consistent cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles between batches
  • ­ No terpene test

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: “HERBONAUT” for 15% off

Charlotte’s Web Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 14.7mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 3mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

By now you can start seeing the commonalities between CBD products that we rate as ‘best’.

  • They’re truly full-spectrum and come with amazing cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles, and;
  • Come from highly transparent brands that value quality control.

Charlotte’s Web Original Formula is a full-spectrum product of the highest order. For every 1mg of CBD, you get 0.19mg of minor hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes, including:

  • THC;
  • CBC;
  • CBG, and;
  • Terpenes.

Like Receptra Naturals tinctures, this product is made with the ethanol extraction method. Ethanol extraction is the best method for extracting especially volatile compounds like monoterpenes.

Keeping all other variables the same, including:

  • the hemp strain, and,
  • the plant-parts used in the extraction,

ethanol-extracted CBD products make for the best full-spectrum products. Because they contain the widest variety of hemp-derived compounds in the highest concentrations.

Keep in mind that Charlotte’s Web sells different types of oils, but only one of them is ethanol-extracted:

The “Original Formula”.

But that’s not all that this product has going for it…

Charlotte’s Web is one of the few CBD brands that FULLY control the whole production process:

From planting the seed in clean fertile soil to the final drops of oil that end up under your tongue…

Any Charlotte’s Web product is subject to 20 (!) different quality control tests before it reaches you.

The results of the most important ones are publicly available on their website.

Another benefit related to the fact that they control the whole production process:

You’ll always get the exact same product.

Let me explain.

Most brands use many different hemp strains from various farmers to produce a batch of CBD oil.

And while the CBD content of these products is usually consistent…

The cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles can differ widely between batches. And even between different bottles from the same batch.

Why does this matter?

If the cannabinoid-profile differs every batch, you may experience different effects every batch.

With Charlotte’s Web, you never have to worry about inconsistencies in effects.

You’ll get a similar cannabinoid-profile every batch. They always use the same hemp strain for their products: the “Charlotte’s Web” hemp strain.

Click the button below to go to Charlotte’s Web website:

  • Charlotte’s Web 15% off coupon code: HERBONAUT

Buy Charlotte’s Web Oil

Full review Charlotte’s Web CBD Oil

Next up…

#5. CBDfx Calming Tincture 1000mg (Best CBN-Rich Oil)

CBDfx Calming Tincture 1000mg

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 1000mg or 3.2% |
  • THC: ND |
  • CBD(%): 3.2 |
  • THC(%): 0.01 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0 |
  • CBC(%): 0.01 |
  • CBN(%): 0.46 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.02 |
  • Terpene(%): 0 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBN(0.46%) |
  • Terpenes: Unknown |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 14.28mg |
  • Price(unit): $70 |
  • Extract-type: broad-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 3.67/5
Broad-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Broad-spectrum products: 3.94/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.16

Pros and Cons

  • ­ High-levels of CBN, in addition to CBD
  • ­ Good value
  • ­ Doesn’t contain other cannabinoids than CBD and CBN
  • ­ Supposedly contains terpenes-complex, but no terpene test to show

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

CBDfx Website

Read full review

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 14.28mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 2.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

If you’re looking for a product that has a stronger sedative effect than regular CBD products…

CBDfx Calming Tincture could be a good option for you.

This product is a combination of two cannabinoids:

  • CBD, and;
  • CBN.

Many of the health benefits of CBN and CBD overlap.

The main difference in effects is that CBN is a stronger sedative. Thus it has better potential benefits for insomnia and sleep disorders.

This product should also contain a terpene-complex. But there’s no lab-test to show any terpenes. So we take these types of statements with a big grain of salt.

This product doesn’t contain THC but does contain at least one other cannabinoid (CBN). So we categorize it as ‘broad-spectrum’. But other than CBN, this product doesn’t contain minor cannabinoids at detectable levels.

Value-wise, you get a good amount of CBD per dollar. A single dollar gets you 14.28mg of CBD and 2.5mg of minor cannabinoids and terpenes (mostly CBN). Both value metrics are right around the average.

Now:

CBDfx tests all of its products for potency and contaminants.

You can find the test reports on their website on each product page.

CBDfx also was one of the few brands that provided a 30-day satisfaction guarantee.

You just had to send your product back to them and pay for shipping costs.

But this recently changed and they removed this satisfaction guarantee officially. Based on reports, it’s still possible to get a refund if you’re not satisfied with the product. But the guarantee is officially gone.

The bottom line:

If you’re looking for a product with a stronger sedative effect than the average, get this product.

Click the button below to go to the CBDfx website:

Buy CBDfx Calming Tincture

Full review CBDfx

Next up…

#6. Joy Organics CBD Broad Spectrum Tincture (Best THC-Free, Broad-Spectrum Oil)

Joy Organics Organic CBD Broad Spectrum (0.0% THC) Oil Tincture 45mg/Serving

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 45mg/dropper or 5.02% |
  • THC: ND |
  • CBD(%): 5.02 |
  • THC(%): 0 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.13 |
  • CBC(%): 0 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.52 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBG(0.21%), |
  • Terpenes: 0.52% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 15.88mg |
  • Price(unit): $83 |
  • Extract-type: broad-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.47/5
Broad-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Broad-spectrum products: 4.76/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.13

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Best broad-spectrum (THC-free) oil
  • ­ Contains a good amount of CBG
  • ­ Certified USDA organic
  • ­ Doesn’t contain other cannabinoids than CBD and CBG
  • ­ Inconsistent cannabinoid and terpene profiles across products and batches
  • ­ Only high levels of terpenes in flavored products (means they’re probably not hemp-derived) and no recent terpene test

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: “herbonaut15” for 15% off

Joy Organics Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 15.88mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 2mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

Although full-spectrum hemp-extracts are best for potency…

If you don’t want to ingest ANY THC because of potential drug tests for example…

These types of products are out.

Full-spectrum CBD products always contain some THC.

So what to do if you want a THC-free CBD oil, but still want more hemp-derived compounds that synergize with CBD?

You get CBD oil from Joy Organics.

Let me explain.

This broad-spectrum product doesn’t contain as many cannabinoids and terpenes as full-spectrum products. But compared to other THC-free broad-spectrum products, it contains a lot.

This oil contains 5.02% of CBD and 0.21% of CBG. And if you get a flavored version of the oil, you get a good amount of terpenes as well. Just keep in mind that these aren’t hemp-derived terpenes. They come from the flavorings andthuse may not act synergistically to CBD.

Important to mention:

When we checked the lab-test reports of different batches, we saw differing cannabinoid profiles. The most recent lab-test reports don’t even show a terpene test. This product doesn’t have the most consistent cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles.

Joy Organics is a transparent company. hey have lab-test reports publicly available for all their products and production batches.

Yet, we would like to see better consistency when it comes to cannabinoids and terpenes. The CBD-content may be consistent. But if every batch has different compounds, you can still experience varying effects.

That said, when it comes to THC-free broad-spectrum oils, this is still the best one you can get.

Other important things to know about this brand:

  • There’s a ‘USDA Organic certified’ version of the oil;
  • There’s a 30-day happiness guarantee, but it only includes a partial refund, and;
  • 1000+ customers rated Joy Organics with 5/5 stars on product quality customer service.

Click the button below to go to the Joy Organics website:

  • Joy Organics 15% off coupon code: herbonaut15

Buy Joy Organics Oil

Next up…

#7. Populum Full-Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil (Best Taste)

Populum Full-Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 33mg/dropper or 3.5% |
  • THC: 0.13% |
  • CBD(%): 3.5 |
  • THC(%): 0.13 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.03 |
  • CBC(%): 0.08 |
  • CBN(%): 0.12 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.1 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.3 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBC(0.63%), CBG(0.19%), CBDV (0.1%) |
  • Terpenes: 4.5%, but our estimate is that only 0.3% is hemp-derived and the rest comes from the orange oil |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 6.98mg |
  • Price(unit): $143.2 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: No |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: High-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 3.68/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.07/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.22

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Best-tasting CBD oil
  • ­ Great cannabinoid-profile
  • ­ Amazing terpene-profile, very high levels of terpenes (although most is not hemp-derived and comes from the added orange oil)
  • ­ Incosistent cannabinoid and terpene profiles across batches
  • ­ Very expensive, both in terms of CBD/$ and hemp-extract/$

Check current price at:

Populum Website

Read full review

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 6.98mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 1.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

This Populum oil is the best-tasting oil I’ve ever tried. Period.

They mix their hemp-extract with orange oil. The result is a very fresh-tasting oil, that you’ll look forward to taking daily.

Of course, if only the flavor was good, Populum wouldn’t deserve a spot on this list.

For a brand to be considered for this list, first, it needs to have proof that:

  • It’s 100% free of contaminants like pesticides, heavy metals, and other toxins;
  • It indeed has the amount of CBD that the seller says it has.

And then it also needs to be:

  • Potent enough to produce the beneficial effects associated with CBD, with regular doses.

Well, Populum is a full-spectrum oil that contains a wide spectrum of cannabinoids and terpenes.

When we look at the CBD-percentage, it’s one of the weakest options on the list…

But it has a relatively high full-spectrum ratio of 0.22, which means that for every 1mg of CBD, you get 0.22mg of other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes. Just keep in mind that having a high full-spectrum ratio is much easier when you have a low CBD-percentage.

Populum is also one of the most transparent CBD brands. Every product comes with a QR-code that links to a third-party lab-test report.

They provide third-party lab-test reports on a batch-by-batch basis and the best part:

You know exactly what the biochemical composition of your specific bottle is. You also have proof that your bottle is completely free of toxins and residual solvents.

When it comes to value, this is the most expensive option on the list. A single dollar only gets you 6.98mg of CBD and 8.5mg of hemp extract. This is way below the average…

So if you decide to go for this oil, make sure to use our 20% discount code: “herbonaut“.

If you’ve tried CBD oil before, you know how bitter a potent hemp-extract can taste …

And you might truly appreciate the amazing taste of this product.

Populum managed to make one of the few full-plant-extract oils that taste really well.

Click the button below to go to Populum’s website:

Buy Populum Hemp Oil

Full review Populum CBD Oil

Next up…

#8. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture 1500mg (Good Value THC-Free, Broad-Spectrum Oil)

cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture 1500mg

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 50mg/dropper or 5.3% |
  • THC: ND |
  • CBD(%): 5.3 |
  • THC(%): 0 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.03 |
  • CBC(%): 0 |
  • CBN(%): 0.01 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.02 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.08 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBG(0.03%), CBDV(0.02%), CBN(0.01%) |
  • Terpenes: 0.08% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 15mg |
  • Price(unit): $100 |
  • Extract-type: broad-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 3.71/5
Broad-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Broad-spectrum products: 3.95/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.03

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Good quality broad-spectrum (THC-free) oil
  • ­ Highly transparent company (publically traded)
  • ­ Low terpene-levels
  • ­ Other cannabinoids than CBD only present in very low levels

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

cbdMD Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 15mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 0.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

cbdMD tincture is another good THC-free, broad-spectrum option on the list.

Although in low concentrations, at least it does contain some minor cannabinoids, like:

  • CBG(0.03%);
  • CBN (0.01%), and
  • Hemp-derived terpenes, mainly limonene (0.08%).

Compared to other broad-spectrum oils, this one has fewer minor cannabinoids and terpenes. Yet, it has a slightly better variety of cannabinoids.

Value-wise, this product is right around the average. One dollar gets you 15mg of CBD and 0.5mg of minor cannabinoids and terpenes.

cbdMD is one of few publicly-traded companies on the list (Charlotte’s Web being the other one). This means that the company is subjected to more scrutiny and audits than a regular CBD company.

And when you check the standards of cbdMD it becomes clear that quality control and transparency are important.

cbdMD products are the only products that come with a THC-free guarantee. This is unlike the majority of so-called ‘THC-free’ CBD brands. Most of them warn that their products shouldn’t be used when you’re regularly subjected to drug tests. cbdMD guarantees that all their products are THC-free.

If you really insist on getting a THC-free product, this may be your best risk-free option. Also because it comes with a 30-day satisfaction guarantee.

Also, every product comes with a QR-code that’s linked to a third-party lab-test report. Inside this report, you’ll have written proof that your product is free from THC and contaminants.

Click the button below to go to the cbdMD website:

Buy cbdMD CBD Oil

#9. Flowerside Full Spectrum CBD Olie 500mg (Best CBD Oil Europe)

Flowerside Full Spectrum CBD Olie 500mg

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 30mg/dropper or 5% |
  • THC: 0.1% |
  • CBD(%): 3.3 |
  • THC(%): 0.1 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0.39 |
  • CBC(%): 0.04 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 1.93 |
  • CBDV(%): 0.5 |
  • Terpene(%): 0.3 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: |
  • Terpenes: 0.3% |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 14mg |
  • Price(unit): $39 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 14 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.7/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 4.59/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.99

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Best CBD Oil and Cannabinoid-profile in Europe
  • ­ Made from organic Hemp
  • ­ High levels of CBD-A and CBG
  • ­ Superb CBD to other cannabinoids/terpenes ratio
  • ­ A bit more expensive than other oils in Europe, but also the most effective one

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

Flowerside Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 14mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 14mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

While a decade ago, some parts of Europe were more progressive with cannabis- and hemp products than the U.S…

Currently, the highest quality CBD products are produced in the U.S.

U.S. federal legislation enabled cultivation of hemp plants with amazing cannabinoid- and terpene-profiles.

The European Union has made it more difficult for CBD producers. The EU only allows certain hemp strains to be used for CBD products.

The options of European CBD brands are more limited. And until now I never saw a European CBD oil with a cannabinoid-profile as good as the best CBD oils in the U.S.

But this all changed after I learned about and reviewed Flowerside Full Spectrum CBD oil.

This oil has an even better cannabinoid-profile than the best CBD oils in the U.S.

For every 1mg of CBD you get close to 1mg of other synergistic cannabinoids, including CBG, CBD-V. And the best part:

  • High levels of CBD-A.

Why does this matter?

CBD-A is a cannabinoid that potentiates the effects of CBD. Based on science and our experience, a mix of CBD and CBD-A works best for CBD products.

And Flowerside CBD oil contains very high concentrations of CBD-A (1.93%).

The price of this oil is a bit high compared to some cheaper oils in Europe. But when you compare cannabinoid-profiles, you’ll see none of them come even close to the quality of this one.

This brand also is highly transparent and publishes lab-test reports on a batch-by-batch basis.

When it comes to European CBD oils, this is currently the best you can get. I can safely say this oil is even higher quality than most oils in the U.S.

Click the button below to go to the Flowerside website:

Buy Flowerside CBD Oil

Next up…

#10. Provacan 2400mg CBD Oil (Best CBD Oil UK)

Provocan 2400mg CBD Oil

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Oil |
  • CBD: 2400mg or 21.5% |
  • THC: 0.05% |
  • CBD(%): 21.5 |
  • THC(%): 0.05 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 1.53 |
  • CBC(%): 0.03 |
  • CBN(%): 0.01 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0 |
  • Terpene(%): 0 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBG(1.53%), THC(0.05%), CBC(0.03%), CBN(0.01%) |
  • Terpenes: Unknown |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 20mg |
  • Price(unit): $120 |
  • Extract-type: broad-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: No |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 4.12/5
Broad-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Broad-spectrum products: 4.4/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.08

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Extremely high concentration of CBD (21.5%), making a single drop even potentially effective
  • ­ Great value for money option
  • ­ One of the best options in the UK/EU
  • ­ Claimed 5.5% of other cannabinoids, but lab-test results show only 1.6%

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

Provocan Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 20mg (Average = 14.72)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 1.5mg (Average = 2.97)

Cannabinoid-profile

When it comes to UK CBD hemp oils there are almost just as many options as in the U.S.

But if we’re talking about transparent CBD brands that prove they have:

  • Contaminant-free products;
  • With a wide variety of cannabinoids in high concentrations…

There are only a few of those in the UK.

One of them is Provacan.

Their products are made from organically certified EU hemp plants.

All their products are tested by different third-party laboratories for:

  • Potency (cannabinoid-content), and;
  • Contaminants like heavy metals, fungi, and pesticides.

Some of their oils are highly potent and contain up to 25% (!) of CBD.

All their oils are full-spectrum and come with additional cannabinoids like CBG and CBC.

They also carry loads of other products, among them, CBD isolate powder, which is the purest form of CBD…

And is significantly more affordable than the average CBD product. I don’t recommend using isolate powders as a standalone product. But you can use them to make your favorite oil even more potent.

Click the button below to go to the Provacan website:

Buy Provacan Oil

Up next…

#11. CBDfx OG Kush CBD Terpene Vape Liquid (Best CBD Vape Oil)

CBDfx OG Kush CBD Terpene Vape Liquid

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Vape-juice |
  • CBD: 500mg or 1.52% |
  • THC: ND |
  • CBD(%): 1.52 |
  • THC(%): 0 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 0 |
  • CBC(%): 0 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0 |
  • Terpene(%): 13.8 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: No |
  • Terpenes: Yes, but exact amount unknown |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 14.28mg |
  • Price(unit): $70 |
  • Extract-type: broad-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 3.77/5
Broad-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Broad-spectrum products: 4.11/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 9.08

Pros and Cons

  • ­ Extremely high levels of terpenes
  • ­ Tastes truly like OG Kush
  • ­ Only natural flavorings (terpenes)
  • ­ Doesn’t contain other cannabinoids than CBD
  • ­ No recent terpene test

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

CBDfx Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 14.28mg (Average = 15.24)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 129.5mg (Average = 7.73)

Cannabinoid-profile

If you’re looking for CBD vape oil, it’s critical, that you get a product that is specifically produced for vaping.

Edible CBD products are not suited for vaping.

One of the few trustworthy CBD vape oil suppliers, CBDfx is an American CBD vape oil producer.

They’re one of the few CBD vape oil suppliers that provide full lab analysis for their vape oil.

And when you check the results, you can see it’s 100% free of:

  • Pesticides;
  • Yeast and bacteria;
  • Harmful residual solvents like Hexane.

This alone makes CBDfx CBD vape oil deserve a spot in our list:

You minimize health risks with this oil.

You might be thinking:

That’s great, but what about the effects?

Compared to edible options, it’s less potent if you look at the CBD you get per dollar.

It doesn’t have other cannabinoids than CBD. But the good part is that some CBDfx vape oils have high concentrations of terpenes. Terpenes also give the most natural taste to vape oil.

Just realize that terpenes can’t make up for the lack of cannabinoids.

Currently, there are no true full-spectrum CBD vape oils on the market.

If you want to use CBD in the most effective way, you should get an ingestible, full-spectrum product. Like the ones mentioned above.

That said…

CBDfx CBD vape oil can be an excellent option for instant and discreet relief. Especially in times where you don’t have access to your edible oil.

CBD vape oil can have instant effects (within 5-15 minutes, for edible CBD products this is 1-2 hours).

Click the button below to go to the CBDfx website:

Buy CBDfx CBD Vape Oil

For a more extensive list of our current best options to vape CBD, check out our list of:

  • Best CBD Vape Oils

LolaHemp Extra Strength CBD Oil +CBG for Pets (Best for Dogs)

LolaHemp Extra Strength CBD Oil (+CBG) for Pets

  • Main-cannabinoid: CBD |
  • Product-type: Pet-product |
  • CBD: 1800mg or 2.04% |
  • THC: 0.06 |
  • CBD(%): 2.04 |
  • THC(%): 0.06 |
  • D8-THC(%): 0 |
  • CBG(%): 1.02 |
  • CBC(%): 0.11 |
  • CBN(%): 0 |
  • CBDA(%): 0 |
  • CBDV(%): 0 |
  • Terpene(%): 0 |
  • Other Cannabinoids: CBG, CBC, THC |
  • Terpenes: Unknown |
  • Price(CBD/$1): 13.33mg |
  • Price(unit): $135 |
  • Extract-type: full-spectrum |
  • Satisfaction Guarantee: 30 days |
  • 3th-Party Lab-Tested: Yes |
  • Price-category: Mid-cost
Cannabinoid-profile:      
Terpene-profile:      
Transparency:      
Our test-results:      
Value:      
Taste:      
Weighted Average: 3.86/5
Full-spectrum-Rating This rating refers to how high it scores among Full-spectrum products: 3.56/5
Full-Spectrum Ratio How many other cannabinoids + terpenes you get for every mg of CBD (in mg): 0.58

Pros and Cons

  • ­ High-levels of CBG, in addition to CBD
  • ­ True full-spectrum pet product
  • ­ No terpene test
  • ­ More expensive than the average

Check current price at:

Coupon-code: N/A

LolaHemp Website

Price comparison to averages

CBD/$ Since full- and broad-spectrum products are more expensive to produce than isolates, the average for these products is calculated separately: 13.33mg (Average = 15.24)
Minor cannbs+terps/$ This includes all other hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes: 7.5mg (Average = 7.73)

Cannabinoid-profile

As people experience the benefits of CBD, dog owners, wonder if it could be useful for their dogs.

There are no scientific studies that show any benefits associated with CBD in relation to ‘dog conditions’. But anecdotal evidence is plenty.

Now, what makes a CBD product for dogs unique compared to one made for humans?

Besides different dosing methods, not much.

Recommended dosages for dogs are lower than for humans and the dropper or strength of the oil reflects exactly that.

A high-quality CBD product for dogs is very similar to products made for humans.

It’s extracted from the same hemp plants, with the same methods. The distillation process, however, can differ. That’s because dogs don’t care that much about taste. The end-product for a dog doesn’t need to be a well-tasting oil.

But if you want the same potential benefits for your dog as for yourself, we recommend getting a hemp oil that’s:

  • Full-spectrum;
  • Made from organically cultivated hemp, and;
  • Comes from a producer that’s transparent and shows results of third-party lab-test reports.

The one we currently like the most and ticks all the boxes that I’ve just mentioned is the oil from LolaHemp.

LolaHemp is highly transparent about their manufacturing process, but more importantly:

Sells a hemp oil that’s packed with cannabinoids and is very easy to dose for dogs.

If you’re looking for a product that has a big chance to be effective for your dog, look no further.

Click the link below to go to LolaHemp’s website:

Buy LolaHemp Oil for Dogs

How We Rate CBD Oil

First, you need to know the differences, between the…

The 3 Types of CBD Products

  • Full-spectrum: contains CBD, THC. And a variety of other hemp-derived cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. This is always our most recommended CBD product. There’s evidence that these products are the most effective.
  • Broad-spectrum: contains CBD. And a variety of other hemp-derived cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. But never any THC. Broad-spectrum products are THC-free. If you’re subjected to drug-tests or want to avoid THC for any other reason, this is the product you should get.
  • Isolate: contains only CBD. Generally, we don’t recommend using CBD isolate products. Although they’re much cheaper than full- and broad-spectrum products, they’re also less effective.

Why Full-Spectrum Products Dominate This List:

A high-quality full-spectrum CBD product is PACKED with cannabinoids and terpenes.

Why does this matter?

For the best effects that CBD has to offer, you want to take it together with ALL cannabinoids and terpenes found in hemp plants.

Isolates from plants rarely have the same degree of health activity as the whole plant.

Studies show that this is the case with cannabinoids like CBD as well.

While CBD may be the most recognized cannabinoid in hemp, the plant contains other vitally important cannabinoids, such as:

  • CBG,
  • CBC,
  • THC, and,
  • CBN.

All cannabinoids offer promising health benefits.

Hemp plants also contain nearly 200 different terpenes. Terpenes are the compounds that give plants their unique taste and smell.

Scientists believe terpenes interact with cannabinoids to create an “entourage effect”. This means that all components enhance the beneficial effects of each individual component.

Summarized, a high-quality oil:

  • Scores high on transparency and comes with third-party lab-test reports;
  • Contains a wide spectrum of hemp-derived cannabinoids and terpenes, and;
  • Contains high concentrations of CBD (at least 2.5%).

To learn exactly how we rate CBD products, please read our CBD products rating system.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to Dose CBD?

Although there are CBD-based pharmaceutical drugs, commercially sold CBD products are not medicines. There aren’t any scientifically backed guidelines on how to dose it.

We do know a few things though about dosing CBD as a stand-alone compound though:

  • CBD is safe and well-tolerated in adults up to 1500mg/day (12).
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 12. Hunt, C. A., Jones, R. T., Herning, R. I., & Bachman, J. (1981). Evidence that cannabidiol does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of tetrahydrocannabinol in man. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 9(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01059266
  • A 2018 study found painkilling effects of CBD with an initial dose of 100 mg/d and a progressive increase up to 300 mg/d (13).
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 13. Cuñetti, L., Manzo, L., Peyraube, R., Arnaiz, J., Curi, L., & Orihuela, S. (2018). Chronic Pain Treatment With Cannabidiol in Kidney Transplant Patients in Uruguay. Transplantation Proceedings, 50(2), 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.042
  • More CBD is not always better. The same 2018 study found that one of the patients experienced stronger painkilling effects with lower doses of CBD. It’s unclear how much lower than 300 mg/d (13).
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 13. Cuñetti, L., Manzo, L., Peyraube, R., Arnaiz, J., Curi, L., & Orihuela, S. (2018). Chronic Pain Treatment With Cannabidiol in Kidney Transplant Patients in Uruguay. Transplantation Proceedings, 50(2), 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.042
  • A 2011 study found positive effects in persons that were suffering from social anxiety disorder with a dose of 600mg of CBD (14).
    ✖

    Scientific Sources

    • 14. Bergamaschi, M. M., Queiroz, R. H. C., Chagas, M. H. N., de Oliveira, D. C. G., De Martinis, B. S., Kapczinski, F., … Crippa, J. A. S. (2011). Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients. Neuropsychopharmacology, 36(6), 1219–1226. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.6

Keep in mind that these doses are based on taking CBD as a standalone compound. When you take CBD as part of a full-spectrum hemp-extract, you may need significantly less CBD to experience beneficial effects.

Generally, we experience potent effects when taking 50mg of CBD as part of a full-spectrum hemp-extract, taken between two meals. This means, for example between breakfast and lunch. Or between lunch and diner. Try to avoid taking CBD on an empty stomach as this is shown to be less effective.

In the article below you can find a review of scientific articles that looked at CBD-doses:

  • How to Dose CBD Oil

How to Use CBD?

Unless you get a CBD product that is specifically produced to be vaped (also called CBD vape oil, or CBD vape juice), don’t ever vape CBD products.

Edible CBD products should only be taken orally, or even better sublingual.

Here’s how you take your it in a sublingual way:

Drop a full serving of oil (usually a full dropper) under your tongue and KEEP it there for at least 60 seconds. After 60 seconds, swallow it.

This way the CBD and other beneficial compounds in the oil, will get directly absorbed into your bloodstream. This happens through the tissues underneath your tongue.

Taken this way, the effects can last 2-5 hours.

To read an in-depth guide on all the different methods to use and maximize the bioavailability of CBD check out our ultimate guide on:

  • How to Use CBD Oil

How Long does it Take for It to Work?

Peak effects of orally administered CBD vary widely between individuals. But usually, effects occur between 1-2 hours after oral ingestion.

How fast CBD leaves the system again is also highly variable between individuals.

How Long Does CBD Stay in Your System?

Although there’s no easy answer and the answer is dependent on many factors like age, gender, weight, metabolism, etc …

One study found that after 6 weeks of daily CBD use, blood plasma CBD levels reached just 1.5 ng/ml on average. The measurements were done among 14 test subjects in the week after their CBD treatment (15).
✖

Scientific Sources

  • 15. Zhornitsky, S., & Potvin, S. (2012). Cannabidiol in Humans—The Quest for Therapeutic Targets. Pharmaceuticals, 5(5), 529–552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph5050529

After the first week, the researchers found that CBD levels were ‘virtually nonexistent.’

What Are CBD’s Interaction with Other Drugs?

There aren’t many studies publicized that looked at the interaction of CBD with pharmaceutical drugs. In general, be very careful with CBD products if you’re taking pharmaceutical drugs. Always consult with your doctor before taking CBD, especially if you’re on medication!

CBD has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the following CYP450 enzymes: CYP2D6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2A4, and CYP3A4 (16).
✖

Scientific Sources

  • 16. Zendulka, O., Dovrtělová, G., Nosková, K., Turjap, M., Šulcová, A., Hanuš, L., & Juřica, J. (2016). Cannabinoids and Cytochrome P450 Interactions. Current Drug Metabolism, 17(3), 206–226. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200217666151210142051

All of these enzymes play a role in the metabolism of different pharmaceutical drugs.

This means that CBD products have the potential to interact with any pharmaceutical drug metabolized by one of these enzymes.

There’s currently one FDA-approved, CBD-based prescription drug called ‘Epidiolex’. Epidiolex is used for the treatment of epilepsy and can give us clues as to what drug interactions are possible when taking CBD.

Currently, there are a total of 515 drugs are known to interact with Epidiolex:

  • 9 major drug interactions
  • 504 moderate drug interactions

To dive deeper into the topic of potential drug interactions of CBD and other health risks, click the link below:

  • Side Effects of CBD

What Are CBD’s Side Effects?

Besides drug interaction side-effects, there are a few minor side-effects associated with CBD-use.

Although side-effects with low doses of CBD are rare, reported CBD side effects include:

  • Headaches;
  • Dizziness;
  • Fatigue.

For a full list of CBD side effects, click the link below:

  • Side Effects of CBD

What Are The Potential Benefits?

Commercially sold CBD products are not medicines. We advise against using commercially sold CBD products for medical reasons.

No scientific proof shows that commercially sold CBD products can cure, treat, or prevent disease.

There’s some anecdotal and scientific evidence that shows CBD could help with some symptoms.

Scientific research attributes the following beneficial properties to CBD:

  • Anti-anxiety effects;
  • Painkilling effects;
  • Anti-inflammatory effects
  • Sleep improving effects;
  • Neuroprotective effects;
  • Anti-oxidant effects;
  • Anticonvulsant effects;

Keep in mind that most CBD studies are done on animals and clinical studies done on human subjects, although increasing, are rare.

Do these beneficial effects translate to CBD products being a medicine? No, again, commercially produced and sold CBD products are not medicines. For a medicine to be accepted as such, it needs to be subjected to multiple clinical studies that prove its efficacy and safety. Pharmaceutical drugs also have much stricter quality control compared to commercially sold products.

There are no clinical studies proving the efficacy and safety of commercially sold CBD products. There are no commercially sold CBD products produced with pharmaceutical quality control standards.

There are pharmaceutical formulations that have CBD in them like Sativex and Epdiolex.

Besides, there is little to no scientific proof that CBD can truly ‘cure’ anything. Most benefits associated with CBD relate to relieving the symptoms of various conditions.

All options on our list contain cannabinoids with positive health effects:

Painkilling Anti-inflammatory Anti-anxiety Anti-depressant Anti-oxidant Anti-bacterial Anti-tumor Anti-epileptic Anti-nausea
CBD ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­
THC ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­
CBG ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­
CBC ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­
CBN ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

For a full list of potential benefits of CBD based on scientific research, check out:

  • The Benefits of CBD

    What’s the Best Product for Pain/Anxiety/Sleep etc.?

    The most potent product, in general, is also the best for any specific purpose.

    The best product according to us is any full-spectrum product with high concentrations of:

    • CBD;
    • Other cannabinoids like THC, CBC, CBG, and;
    • Terpenes.

    With a whole-plant hemp-extract, you take CBD as nature intended it to be taken: together with all other hemp-derived compounds.

    Taking CBD together with other hemp-derived compounds is the most effective way to experience it.

    That said, there are CBD products formulated towards a particular benefit like pain relief, or sleep improvement, etc.

    We’ve reviewed some of these in the articles below:

    • Best CBD Oil for Sleep
    • Best CBD Oil for Anxiety

    What’s the Difference Between Hemp (Seed) Oil and CBD (Hemp) Oil?

    The main difference here is that Hemp seed oil is made from hemp seeds and doesn’t contain CBD. CBD hemp oil is made from hemp plants and has a high concentration of CBD.

    What’s the difference between CBD and hemp oil?

    Well, that depends on what is referred to as ‘hemp oil’. If with ‘hemp oil’ is meant ‘hemp seed oil’, the difference is that hemp seed oil doesn’t contain cannabinoids like CBD or terpenes. To learn more read:

    • Hemp (Seed) Oil vs CBD Oil

    If with ‘hemp oil’ is meant an extract from hemp plants, then, usually, CBD and hemp oil are the same things.

    For a full guide on all the differences between the different types of hemp-derived products, check out our guide on:

    • CBD Isolate vs Full-Spectrum

    Is CBD Legal?

    While marijuana and its extracts are illegal on a federal level, the 2018 Farm Bill legalized the production and sale of hemp and its extracts.

    In the U.S., hemp-extracted CBD products are legal on a federal level.

    Legally, a cannabis plant is considered ‘hemp’ when it contains no more than 0.3 percent THC. Any cannabis plant with more than 0.3% THC is classified as marijuana. Marijuana and its extracts are federally illegal. They’re considered as Schedule 1 drugs by the Drug Enforcement Administration.

    In the EU this limit is 0.2% THC.

    Any marijuana-extract (cannabis plants containing more than 0.3% THC), is federally illegal. Hemp-extracts, in contrast, are legal on a federal level.

    Does CBD Get You High?

    Some CBD products contain the psychoactive cannabinoid ‘THC’ which can get you high. But the concentrations are so low, that unless you’re highly sensitive to THC or take very high doses, you’ll never get high by taking CBD products.

    CBD itself has no psychoactive properties.

    You can’t get ‘high’ with CBD as a standalone compound. But if you ingest high concentrations of THC-containing CBD products, you may get high.

    Does CBD Show Up On a Drug Test?

    If your CBD product contains THC, you might fail a drug test. Most drug tests that screen for marijuana, look specifically for THC.

    If you think you will be subject to possible future drug-tests, I highly recommend buying a THC-free, broad-spectrum product.

    What’s Next…

    Dive deeper into the science of CBD! We have several articles that explain in layman’s terms, the potential benefits of CBD in helping with symptoms of conditions like:

    • Anxiety;
    • Depression;
    • Pain, and;
    • Sleep disorders.

    You can find these benefits (according to scientific research), here:

    • Potential Benefits of CBD Oil

    If you want our unofficial guideline on CBD oil dosages, check out the article below:

    • CBD Oil Dosage Guidelines

    If you’re interested in vaping CBD, check out our list of:

    • Best CBD Vape Oils

    If you’re interested in a more convenient (but less potent) way to use CBD, check out our list of:

    • Best CBD Gummies

    If you want to read a review of scientific articles that looked at the effects of CBD on pain, the following article is for you:

    • How to Use CBD Oil for Pain

    If you want to read a review of scientific articles that looked at the effects of CBD on anxiety, the following article is for you:

    • How to Use CBD Oil for Anxiety

    Lastly, if you want to share this CBD  knowledge, click the links below, or if you want to connect with us, click the links below that to go to our Facebook or Instagram pages.

    References

    1. Rianprakaisang, T., Gerona, R., & Hendrickson, R. G. (2019a). Commercial cannabidiol oil contaminated with the synthetic cannabinoid AB-FUBINACA given to a pediatric patient. Clinical Toxicology, 58(3), 215–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1619758
    2. Warning for consumers of CBD and cannabis oils sold on the EU market – ICCI. (2018, February 16). Retrieved from https://www.icci.science/en/article/news/warning-for-consumers-of-cbd-and-cannabis-oils-sold-on-the-eu-market/
    3. Thompson, G. R., Tuscano, J. M., Dennis, M., Singapuri, A., Libertini, S., Gaudino, R., … Engelthaler, D. M. (2017). A microbiome assessment of medical marijuana. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23(4), 269–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.001
    4. Busse, F., Omidi, L., Leichtle, A., Windgassen, M., Kluge, E., & Stumvoll, M. (2008). Lead Poisoning Due to Adulterated Marijuana. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(15), 1641–1642. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc0707784
    5. Pamplona, F. A., da Silva, L. R., & Coan, A. C. (2018). Potential Clinical Benefits of CBD-Rich Cannabis Extracts Over Purified CBD in Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy: Observational Data Meta-analysis. Frontiers in Neurology, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00759
    6. Baron, E. P. (2018). Medicinal Properties of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids in Cannabis, and Benefits in Migraine, Headache, and Pain: An Update on Current Evidence and Cannabis Science. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 58(7), 1139–1186. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13345
    7. Zgair, A., Lee, J. B., Wong, J. C. M., Taha, D. A., Aram, J., Di Virgilio, D., … Gershkovich, P. (2017). Oral administration of cannabis with lipids leads to high levels of cannabinoids in the intestinal lymphatic system and prominent immunomodulation. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15026-z
    8. Russo, E. B. (2011). Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects. British Journal of Pharmacology, 163(7), 1344–1364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.x
    9. Komiya, M., Takeuchi, T., & Harada, E. (2006). Lemon oil vapor causes an anti-stress effect via modulating the 5-HT and DA activities in mice. Behavioural Brain Research, 172(2), 240–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.05.006
    10. Souto-Maior, F. N., Carvalho, F. L. de, Morais, L. C. S. L. de, Netto, S. M., de Sousa, D. P., & Almeida, R. N. de. (2011). Anxiolytic-like effects of inhaled linalool oxide in experimental mouse anxiety models. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 100(2), 259–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2011.08.029
    11. McPartland, J. M., & Russo, E. B. (2001). Cannabis and Cannabis Extracts. Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, 1(3–4), 103–132. https://doi.org/10.1300/j175v01n03_08
    12. Hunt, C. A., Jones, R. T., Herning, R. I., & Bachman, J. (1981). Evidence that cannabidiol does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of tetrahydrocannabinol in man. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 9(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01059266
    13. Cuñetti, L., Manzo, L., Peyraube, R., Arnaiz, J., Curi, L., & Orihuela, S. (2018). Chronic Pain Treatment With Cannabidiol in Kidney Transplant Patients in Uruguay. Transplantation Proceedings, 50(2), 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.042
    14. Bergamaschi, M. M., Queiroz, R. H. C., Chagas, M. H. N., de Oliveira, D. C. G., De Martinis, B. S., Kapczinski, F., … Crippa, J. A. S. (2011). Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients. Neuropsychopharmacology, 36(6), 1219–1226. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.6
    15. Zhornitsky, S., & Potvin, S. (2012). Cannabidiol in Humans—The Quest for Therapeutic Targets. Pharmaceuticals, 5(5), 529–552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph5050529
    16. Zendulka, O., Dovrtělová, G., Nosková, K., Turjap, M., Šulcová, A., Hanuš, L., & Juřica, J. (2016). Cannabinoids and Cytochrome P450 Interactions. Current Drug Metabolism, 17(3), 206–226. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200217666151210142051
    17. Ben-Shabat, S., Fride, E., Sheskin, T., Tamiri, T., Rhee, M.-H., Vogel, Z., … Mechoulam, R. (1998). An entourage effect: inactive endogenous fatty acid glycerol esters enhance 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol cannabinoid activity. European Journal of Pharmacology, 353(1), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00392-6

    Post last updated on: January 2, 2023

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    Winston Peki

    Reviewing vaporizers, growing supplies, CBD products and scientific articles about cannabis, cannabinoids, and vaping since 2012. Read more about Winston here. LinkedIn

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    © Copyright www.herbonaut.com · All Rights Reserved. The content on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Medical advice should always be obtained from a qualified medical professional for any health conditions or symptoms associated with them. Every possible effort has been made in preparing and researching this material. We make no warranties with respect to the accuracy, applicability of its contents or any omissions.

    Science Based

    This article is based on scientific studies, written by Winston Peki and fact-checked by experts.

    Inside this article, you can find references to peer-reviewed scientific studies. The numbers in the parentheses (1, 2, …) are clickable links to these peer-reviewed scientific studies. In some cases, the link will give you direct access to the study, while in other cases if you want to read the full study, you either have to pay the publisher a fee or find a free version of the study elsewhere.

    Herbonaut is a review and discussion platform that highly values honesty, integrity, and objectivity. We always strive to highlight the benefits, as well as the risks of a specific product or service.

    Any topic can be approached from various angles, at Herbonaut we strive to highlight all these angles and will often examine and compare research with contradicting results.

    Affiliate Disclosure

    When we recommend products we link out to them. Most of the time this will be through an affiliate link. If you decide to buy a product through our affiliate links, we may earn a commission at no extra cost to you. By using these links, we can continue to grow this website by testing new products and writing new articles/reviews, and keep the website ad-free.

    In no way do these affiliate links influence the products that we recommend. This website is first and foremost built on trust and honesty. We are 100% convinced that you’ll come to the same conclusion by following up on our advice. In case you feel our advice was not what you expected, please do contact us, as we would love to hear from you and have a friendly discussion with you about your experiences and findings!

    Scientific References

    Rianprakaisang, T., Gerona, R., & Hendrickson, R. G. (2019a). Commercial cannabidiol oil contaminated with the synthetic cannabinoid AB-FUBINACA given to a pediatric patient. Clinical Toxicology, 58(3), 215–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1619758

    Warning for consumers of CBD and cannabis oils sold on the EU market – ICCI. (2018, February 16). Retrieved from https://www.icci.science/en/article/news/warning-for-consumers-of-cbd-and-cannabis-oils-sold-on-the-eu-market/

    Thompson, G. R., Tuscano, J. M., Dennis, M., Singapuri, A., Libertini, S., Gaudino, R., … Engelthaler, D. M. (2017). A microbiome assessment of medical marijuana. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23(4), 269–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.001

    Busse, F., Omidi, L., Leichtle, A., Windgassen, M., Kluge, E., & Stumvoll, M. (2008). Lead Poisoning Due to Adulterated Marijuana. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(15), 1641–1642. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc0707784

    Pamplona, F. A., da Silva, L. R., & Coan, A. C. (2018). Potential Clinical Benefits of CBD-Rich Cannabis Extracts Over Purified CBD in Treatment-Resistant Epilepsy: Observational Data Meta-analysis. Frontiers in Neurology, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00759

    Baron, E. P. (2018). Medicinal Properties of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids in Cannabis, and Benefits in Migraine, Headache, and Pain: An Update on Current Evidence and Cannabis Science. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 58(7), 1139–1186. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13345

    Zgair, A., Lee, J. B., Wong, J. C. M., Taha, D. A., Aram, J., Di Virgilio, D., … Gershkovich, P. (2017). Oral administration of cannabis with lipids leads to high levels of cannabinoids in the intestinal lymphatic system and prominent immunomodulation. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15026-z

    Russo, E. B. (2011). Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects. British Journal of Pharmacology, 163(7), 1344–1364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.x

    Komiya, M., Takeuchi, T., & Harada, E. (2006). Lemon oil vapor causes an anti-stress effect via modulating the 5-HT and DA activities in mice. Behavioural Brain Research, 172(2), 240–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.05.006

    Souto-Maior, F. N., Carvalho, F. L. de, Morais, L. C. S. L. de, Netto, S. M., de Sousa, D. P., & Almeida, R. N. de. (2011). Anxiolytic-like effects of inhaled linalool oxide in experimental mouse anxiety models. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 100(2), 259–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2011.08.029

    McPartland, J. M., & Russo, E. B. (2001). Cannabis and Cannabis Extracts. Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, 1(3–4), 103–132. https://doi.org/10.1300/j175v01n03_08

    Hunt, C. A., Jones, R. T., Herning, R. I., & Bachman, J. (1981). Evidence that cannabidiol does not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of tetrahydrocannabinol in man. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 9(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01059266

    Cuñetti, L., Manzo, L., Peyraube, R., Arnaiz, J., Curi, L., & Orihuela, S. (2018). Chronic Pain Treatment With Cannabidiol in Kidney Transplant Patients in Uruguay. Transplantation Proceedings, 50(2), 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.12.042

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